This knowledge will help us to prepare for and adapt to the effects of climate change. She is a cochair of the new york city panel on climate change and coled the metropolitan east coast regional assessment of the u. The term biochar was invented by peter read one of the most outspoken lobbyists for vast biochar plantations to describe charcoal used as a soil amendment for agriculture. United nations framework convention on climate change february 2011 2 this usage differs from that in the united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc, where climate change refers to a change of climate that is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and that is in.
The effect of climate change on water resources and. Climate change, migration, and displacement greenpeace. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human anthropogenic emissions of. Pdf introduction to climate change mitigation researchgate. Perspectives on climate change mitigation climate science. This climate change mitigation strategy sets out how city of. This generally involves reductions in human emissions of greenhouse gases ghgs fossil fuels account for about 70% of ghg emissions the main challenge is their substitution with lowcarbon energy sources. Yet, from a knowledge perspective, we are at a distinct disadvantage. Climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies. Though climate change is normal in earths history, global warming has raised average temperatures to their highest in two millennia, resulting in melting ice caps, shorter.
The national climate change policy of the hashemite. The handbook was extended to also cover, apart from climate change mitigation. Global warming and climate change, causes, impacts and mitigation. How do various actors respond to the effects of climate change and the incentives set by climate policies. Understanding climate science richard wolfson and stephen h. What people might do to reduce harm of climate change, or make themselves best able to take advantage of climate change.
The challenges of climate change children on the front line. Countries must be prepared to adapt to climate change by using scientific and technological expertise allied to local knowledge. For climate policy recommendations, most economists have used standard. Pdf global warming and climate change, causes, impacts. Mitigation reducing climate change involves reducing the flow of heattrapping greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, either by reducing sources of these gases for example, the burning of fossil fuels for electricity, heat or transport or enhancing the sinks that accumulate and store these gases such as the oceans, forests and soil. Children on the front line acknowledgements ii abbreviations and acronyms v foreword vi preface vii executive summary 1 section 1. A wealth of information has been shared with the american public about the potential catastrophic impacts of climate change if we continue our current course of action.
Under effects, write what you think happens because of climate change. Science and policy implications summary almost all scientists agree that the earths climate is changing, having warmed by 0. Climate change education i preface t he global scientific community agrees that global climate change is occurring and that human activity is the dominant factor ipcc, 2007. Climate change 7 climate change on a global scale, whether natural or due to human activity, can be initiated by processes that modify either the amount of energy absorbed from the sun, or the amount of infrared energy emitted to space. In the questions box, note any questions you have, or things you would like to know about the causes and effects of climate change. In both public and scienti c discourse the notions of climate and climate change are often loosely employed, and it remains unclear what exactly is understood by them. Data and research on climate change including adaptation, climate finance, international climate framework, carbon markets, unfccc, cities, flood risk, climate change expert group ccxg. Development pathways also determine emission levels, and they have implications for mitigation strategies as well. Social support is the most important factor in the mitigation of stress among adolescents. Climate change and other sustainable development policies are often, but not always, synergistic.
Climate change mitigation are actions to limit the magnitude andor rate of longterm climate change. Mitigation of climate change is the third part of the fifth assessment report ar5 of the intergovernmental panel on climate change ipcc climate change 20 2014 and was prepared by its working group iii. Css has developed a growing set of factsheets that cover topics including energy, water, food, waste, buildings, materials, and transportation systems. This article focuses on the mitigation policies as they require explicit tradeoffs between energy use and possibly economic growth on the one hand and reducing. In reading this chapter, it needs to be borne in mind. Addressing climate change adaptation and mitigation in tropical wetland ecosystems of indonesia daniel murdiyarso and j. For example, the new york metropolitan regions climate is temperate, with rain evenly distributed throughout the year, cold winters, and hot summers. The principles have been developed by the joint climate finance group of multilateral development banks. Addressing climate change can be considered an integral element of sustainable development policies. Learn about where climate change solutions begin and nasas role in adaptation and. It involves many dimensions science, economics, society, politics and moral and ethical questions and is a global problem, felt on local scales, that will be around for decades and centuries to come. The driver of climate, you balanced earths annual energy budget by adding or subtracting the processes that cause the average amount of energy. The effect of climate change on water resources and programs.
First, it lays out the evidence that human activities, especially the burning of fossil fuels, are responsible for much of the warming and related changes being observed around the world. The gef7 climate change mitigation strategy aims to support developing countries to make transformational shifts towards lowemission development pathways compatible with the objectives of the united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc and the paris agreement. National assessment of the potential consequences of climate variability and change. Pdf since the first edition of the handbook, important new research findings on climate change have been gathered. Gis for climate change global climate change is a dif. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in. Mitigation definition, the act of mitigating, or lessening the force or intensity of something unpleasant, as wrath, pain, grief, or extreme circumstances. The purpose of this paper is to provide some background on the science of climate change, its impacts, key ways to minimize the damage and the roles that the actuarial profession can play in dealing. The citys climate change adaptation strategy details our work on preparing for those impacts. Whether or not you become involved formally in teaching about climate change, you will gain a sufficiently high level of expertise to help others grasp the subject at the level needed by an informed citizenry. Climate is an informative introduction to the subject of climate change. Economics of climate change mitigation in central and west asia. Incorporating climate change into hazard mitigation unc institute. The first is to educate you in the science of climate.
Climate change mitigation, adaptation and sustainability in. Advancing development goals in a sustainable way should thus be a central part of efforts. Ipcc welcomes these initiatives but would note that the translations have been prepared under the responsibility of the respective country or institutions. Addressing climate change adaptation and mitigation in. Climate change and development interact in a circular fashion. The effect of climate change on water resources and programs introduction the goal of this module is to educate water program managers, as well as the general public, on the expected effects of climate change on water resources and water programs. For proper and efficient use of the other two natural resources soil and plantanimal genetic material. Excluding energyintensive industries from ghg emission abatement rules is not economically efficient because it. Climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies already. United nations framework convention on climate change. Chapter 1 in the ipcc fourth assessment report ar4 le treut et al. Enormous progress has been made in increasing our understanding of climate change and its causes, and a clearer picture of current and future impacts is emerging. Common principles for climate mitigation finance tracking. The ipcc defines adaptation as the, adjustment in natural or human systems to a new or changing environment.
Climate change causes and effects graphic organizer under causes, write down what you think makes climate change occur. In this module, you will learn what causes climate to change. Climate change refers to changes in these statistics over years, decades, or even centuries. Contribution of working group iii to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change edenhofer, o. Pdf climate change adaptation and mitigation measures in. Due to massive price drops, wind power and solar photovoltaics pv. Climate change mitigation global environment facility. Boone kauffman key points tropical wetlands, especially peatlands and mangroves, are important in global carbon cycling. Climate change mitigation, adaptation and sustainability in agriculture. Autonomous that people do by themselves can be encouraged by public policy command and control tell you to do it incentives subsidies can be. Climate adaptation refers to the ability of a system to adjust to climate change including climate variability and extremes to moderate potential damage, to take advantage of opportunities, or to cope with the consequences. A number of countries have undertaken translations of the spms into languages that are not official languages of the united nations. Mitigation of climate change the working group iii contribution to the ipccs fifth assessment report ar5 assesses literature on the scientific, technological, environmental, economic and social aspects of mitigation of climate change since 2007 when the fourth assessment report ar4 was released. Since climate change is inevitable and some degree of the changes will occur and affect the environment regardless of future mitigation of climate change, some actions should be taken in order to minimize the climate induced risks to the environment, human health, society and economics.
Intergovernmental panel on climate changes ipcc framework, examples were provided of how the fdes 20 can be applied to climate change statistics. Economics of climate change mitigation in central and west. Aggregating complex physical, biological, and social data and models within a uni. Climate variability and climate change climate variability refers to variations in the prevailing state of the. Climate change, migration, and displacement 3 our climate is changing around the globe. As climate change will have the greatest impacts on the poor, any global agreement should properly support the. Climate change is expected to influence the work done by actuaries. Convention on biological diversity 86 cbd technical series no. Any level of climate change will be dangerous somewhere and the impacts will vary significantly by region. Amazonian rainforest soils normally lack nutrients and contain little organic matter. Science indicates that the earths global average temperature is now approaching, or. You will compare both the natural and anthropogenic human causes of climate change, which are referred to as forcings by climate scientists. The national climate change policy of the hashemite kingdom of jordan 202020 sector strategic guidance framework supported by global environment facility gef and the united nations development programme undp ministry of environment. This analysis used statistics within the fdes 20 grouped into climate process drivers, climate change evidence, climate change impacts and vulnerability, and mitigation and adaptation.
This process is advancing ever more rapidly, more visibly and more alarmingly. Climate change adaptation and mitigation measures in ethiopia 2. The climate change agenda has risen substantially in global and national importance and the topic has thus been given a dedicated chapter in this 2. References national research council, 2010a, advancing the science of climate change national research council, 2010b, limiting the magnitude of climate change national research council, 2010c, adapting to the impacts of climate change. Vastly more funding is spent on natural science studies of climate change and considerable sums are also spent on studies of impact of and adaptation to climate change. The volume provides a comprehensive and transparent assessment of relevant options for mitigating.
Natural resources management and environment department, fao. Evidence, impacts, and choices is intended to help people understand what is known about climate change. Climate change is one of the most complex issues facing us today. Climate is a renewable resource, but is variable in time and space. Indonesia has more tropical wetlands than any other country on earth. This climate change mitigation strategy sets out how city of london corporation plans to catalyse action to reduce. But there are synergies between climate change action and development. Climate change mitigation, adaptation and sustainability. Prospect theory, mitigation and adaptation to climate change. Jun 06, 2019 climate change mitigation are actions to limit the magnitude andor rate of longterm climate change. Since the first edition of the handbook, important new research findings on climate change have been gathered. There is growing evidence that policy decisions eg. Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of global warming and its related effects. Mitigation and adaptation solutions climate change.
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